Which component in the turbine is responsible for transferring most of the heat?

The component primarily responsible for transferring most of the heat in a turbine is the turbine blades. These blades are designed to capture and convert the high-temperature gases produced during combustion into mechanical energy. When the hot gases flow over the turbine blades, they expand and cool, imparting energy to the blades and causing them to rotate. This thermal energy transfer is crucial for the turbine's operation.

Compressor rotors and bearings, while essential to the operation of the engine, do not primarily function to transfer heat. Instead, compressor rotors increase the pressure of incoming air before it enters the combustion chamber. Bearings support rotating components and facilitate smooth motion but also do not play a direct role in heat transfer from the gases.

Exhaust nozzles do manage the flow of hot gases out of the turbine but are primarily involved in controlling the exit velocity and expansion of the gases rather than transferring heat. Thus, the effective transfer and management of heat occur mainly through the turbine blades, which interact directly with the high-energy gases produced in the combustion process.